长毛兔饲养管理质量直接影响兔毛生产性能，为获得兔毛，需尽可能提高长毛兔的饲养管理水平，以免受到不当饲养行为的影响而使长毛兔出现品种退化、发育不良、产毛量下降的问题。因此，长毛兔养殖人员应以饲养为核心，构建一套行之有效的管理技术体系，通过提高饲养管理质量确保长毛兔养殖效益。

　　The quality of feeding and management of long haired rabbits directly affects the production performance of rabbit hair. In order to obtain high-quality rabbit hair, it is necessary to improve the feeding and management level of long haired rabbits as much as possible, so as to avoid the problems of breed degradation, poor development, and decreased hair production caused by improper feeding behavior. Therefore, long haired rabbit breeders should focus on feeding and establish an effective management technology system to ensure the efficiency of long haired rabbit breeding by improving the quality of feeding and management.

　　长毛兔常规的饲养管理要点

　　Key points for routine feeding and management of long haired rabbits

　　（一）优化圈舍环境圈舍作为长毛兔主要的饲养场地，其环境是否适宜直接影响长毛兔的生长发育，故应注意优化圈舍环境。（1）温度。将圈舍温度控制在15～25℃，否则会影响长毛兔的产毛量。冬季可采用增添垫料或设置加热设备的方式做好保温处理，夏季采用空调、风扇、喷水、通风等措施降低圈舍温度。（2） 湿度。长毛兔圈舍空气相对湿度应控制在60%～70%。（3） 光照。要求圈舍内每日光照时间达到12～16小时，但需避免阳光直射，必要时可通过布置人工光源补充光照。

　　（1） Optimizing the enclosure environment: As the main breeding ground for long haired rabbits, the suitability of the enclosure environment directly affects their growth and development. Therefore, attention should be paid to optimizing the enclosure environment. (1) Temperature. Control the temperature of the enclosure at 15-25 ℃, otherwise it will affect the hair production of long haired rabbits. In winter, insulation treatment can be done by adding padding or setting up heating equipment. In summer, measures such as air conditioning, fans, water spraying, and ventilation can be taken to reduce the temperature of the enclosure. (2) Humidity. The relative humidity of the air in the long haired rabbit enclosure should be controlled between 60% and 70%. (3) Illumination. It is required that the daily illumination time in the enclosure reach 12-16 hours, but direct sunlight should be avoided. If necessary, artificial light sources can be arranged to supplement the illumination.

　　（二）预防控制毛球病长毛兔在饲养期间可能会出现误食兔毛的现象，若兔毛未能及时排出，则会于胃中缠结成团，诱发毛球病，若未及时则会导致长毛兔消化道阻塞，终死亡，因此长毛兔饲养期间需做好毛球病的预防工作。具体来看，可在长毛兔饲料中掺加高纤维成分，供应提摩西草等干草，促进肠道蠕动，辅助长毛兔顺利排出毛球， 还可适当提供胡萝卜叶、芹菜叶等高纤维蔬菜，增加长毛兔的纤维摄入量。此外，必要时可准备木瓜蛋白酶，将其添加长毛兔饮用水或饲料中，起到分解毛发的作用，或定期使用化毛膏，帮助毛长兔润滑肠道，促进毛球排出。

　　（2） Prevention and control of hairball disease: Long haired rabbits may accidentally consume rabbit hair during feeding. If the rabbit hair is not discharged in time, it will tangle into clumps in the stomach, causing hairball disease. If left untreated, it can lead to gastrointestinal obstruction and ultimately death in long haired rabbits. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures against hairball disease during feeding of long haired rabbits. Specifically, high fiber components can be added to the feed of long haired rabbits, providing high-quality hay such as Timothy grass to promote intestinal peristalsis and assist in the smooth elimination of hairballs. High fiber vegetables such as carrot leaves and celery leaves can also be provided appropriately to increase the fiber intake of long haired rabbits. In addition, if necessary, papain can be prepared and added to the drinking water or feed of long haired rabbits to decompose their hair, or regular use of hair cream can help lubricate their intestines and promote the expulsion of hairballs.

　　（三）长毛兔兔毛管理兔毛质量决定养殖效益，故在饲养管理过程中，需通过梳毛、剪毛做好兔毛管理工作。（1） 梳毛。梳毛的目的为避免兔毛缠结，同时清洁兔毛杂质，饲养期间需将梳毛作为日常管理工作，长毛兔仔兔断奶后以14 天为间隔梳毛1 次。梳毛时，梳子需顺毛插入兔毛，由颈后部逐渐向下，到尾部后肢后从胸部梳理腿内侧，随后梳理耳毛、脸颊等。若梳毛期间发现结块现象，则需缓慢整理，不可强行梳理。（2）剪毛。根据长毛兔状态合理设置剪毛期，要求剪毛期处于60～90天，剪毛频率控制在每年4～5次，通过剪毛保障兔毛质量。

　　（3） The quality of rabbit hair determines the breeding efficiency, so in the process of feeding and management, it is necessary to do a good job in rabbit hair management through combing and shearing. (1) Combing hair. The purpose of grooming is to avoid tangling of rabbit hair and clean impurities from the hair. During the feeding period, grooming should be a daily management task. Long haired rabbits should be groomed once every 14 days after weaning. When combing hair, the comb should be inserted into the rabbit hair along the hair, gradually downwards from the back of the neck, to the hind limbs of the tail, and then combed from the chest to the inside of the legs, followed by combing the ear hair, cheeks, etc. If clumping is found during combing, it should be done slowly and not forcibly combed. (2) Trimming hair. Reasonably set the shearing period according to the condition of the long haired rabbit, requiring a shearing period of 60-90 days and a shearing frequency controlled at 4-5 times per year to ensure the quality of rabbit hair through shearing.

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